Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is a reactive material that has been used in environmental remediation to treat contaminated groundwater and soil. ZVI is known for its ability to degrade various pollutants, such as chlorinated solvents, heavy metals, and nitrate, through various chemical reactions, including reduction, oxidation, and adsorption. The application of ZVI in remediation projects has been shown to be effective, cost-efficient, and environmentally friendly. Researchers continue to explore ways to optimize ZVI technology and its application in different environmental settings.